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The Closed System of Many Flat Earth Models
The Closed System of Many Flat Earth Models
In Flat Earth literature, “the Dome” is not a single standardized idea—it’s a variable concept that changes depending on the model and author. It generally is referred to as a barrier, separating our known laws and life, from the rest of space.
Why a Dome?
Why a Dome?
flat, stationary world can possess a stable atmosphere without the air bleeding out into the vacuum of space
Religion truth firament
Atmospheric Optics & Refraction: Proponents argue that the dome acts as a colossal lens or physical projector. They believe this can explain optical phenomena like mirages, the magnification of the sun during sunsets, and why stars appear to rotate in a fixed pattern overhead
The Solid Dome
The Solid Dome
The Solid Dome is said to be made of either ice, a crystalline structure, and energetic barrier, or of a mysterious unknown material.
It functions to hold in the air and separates it from what lies beyond it. In some beliefs, it separates us from the vacuum of space and in others, it seperates us from the waters that surround the planet.
The Crystal Dome
The Crystal Dome
Many ancient cultures described the sky as a solid structure. Ancient Mesopotamians described a solid heaven holding back cosmic waters, Greek philosophers proposed crystalline celestial spheres carrying the stars and planets, and Medieval Christian cosmology adopted the idea of transparent crystalline spheres.
Literal Biblical Interpretations: Flat earthers who favor a crystal dome model often point to verses mentioning the firmament. In some translations, the firmament is something that is solid. Book of Genesis describes a firmament separating waters above from waters below. Additionally, Book of Ezekiel mentions something "like crystal" above the heads of heavenly beings.
A crystal dome can explain the movement of the stars, allows for light to pass through, and matches biblical descriptions of a dome that is clear and solid.
Alternative Explanations: Atmospheric scientists suggest that the observations of a "crystal vault" were attempts to explain atmospheric refraction—where atmospheric moisture, temperature, and pressure cause light to bend and reflect in ways that create optical illusions or a shimmering "glass-like" appearance.
The Ice Dome
The Ice Dome
According to ancient Near Eastern cosmologies, a solid, glass-like dome was created to separate the "waters above" the Earth from the "waters below". In the ice-dome theory, these upper waters are frozen solid into a physical barrier with Antarctica as the Foundation. The ice wall surrounding Antarctica is the physical edge of our world, acting as the structural pillar upon which the ice dome rests.
The "World Ice Doctrine" (Welteislehre): This is a 1912 cosmological concept suggesting that ice is the basic substance of the universe, and that our sky and distant celestial bodies are heavily composed of frozen materials. Optical Illusions: In this model, suns and moons are localized lights rather than massive, distant stars. In this theory, they suggest that the observed colors of sunsets and celestial movements are actually the result of light refracting through this frozen, crystalline atmosphere.
Glass/ transparent metals
Glass/ transparent metals
Unlike the crystalline structure of crystal and ice, some beilve in a dome that is smooth and hard.
Aluminum Oxynitride (AlON)
crystalline superfluid medium
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